Mechanistic Studies of Ultrasonically-Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD), a painless, non-invasive method of drug delivery, is limited to only a handful of drugs due to the low permeability of skin, The application of low frequency ultrasound significantly enhances transdemal transpor[ of a variety of drugs (sonophoresis), most likely through cavitation-related phenomena. It is unclear whether the primary effect of ultrasound is on the skin or on the drug to be delivered, & purpose was to elucidate which of these two possibilities is responsible for sonophoresis.